This report summarizes the impacts of the digital siege imposed on Indian-Administered Jammu and Kashmir during the period beginning August 2019 through August
2020.

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Topics: digital siege, internet and telecommunications shutdowns, Impact on rights, history of shutdowns, justifications for shutdowns, Anuradha Bhasin vs. Union of India, online surveillance, criminalization of online speech, repressive media laws, Foundation for Media Professionals vs. Union Territory of Jammu & Kashmir, mental health, crackdown on journalists

Terms: livelihood, health, education, justice, freedom of press, free speech, free expression, social participation, cultural participation, Section 144 Code of Criminal Procedure, surveillance, right to privacy, Public Safety Act, Press and Publication Act, mass detention, undertrials, Media Policy

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This report by the Forum of Human Rights in Jammu and Kashmir (a group of prominent Indian citizens and former governmental officials) seeks to document the numerous human rights violations in Indian-Administered Jammu and Kashmir from August 4, 2019 to July 19, 2020 in five broad issue areas: civilian security, health, children and youth, industry and media. 

Topics: overview and human rights issues, impact on civilian security, impact on children and youth, impact on health, impact on industry and employment, impact on media, conclusions and recommendations, estimates of losses to industry
Terms: abrogation of article 370, internet blockade, informational blockade, covid-19 pandemic, covid-19 lockdown, denial of right to medical care, denial right to education, denial of right to free speech, harassment of journalists, cordon and search operations, collective punishment, Central Reserve Police Forces (CRPF), Public Safety Act (PSA), Unlawful Activities Prevention Act (UAPA), curfew, denial of the right to free assembly, Section 144 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, arbitrary detention, violation of economic rights, denial fo right to work, denial of access to education, denial of political rights

This is a letter from the American Bar Association to India’s Prime Minister (Modi), on the imprisonment of Mian Abdul Qayoom, the J&K Bar Association President. Abdul Qayoom has been a vocal supporter of Kashmiris' right to self-determination. This letter reminds the Indian Government of its obligations under international law, urges the government to release Abdul Qayoom, and requests that Abdul Qayoom is treated with UN standards for the treatment of prisoners for the time he remains in detention.

Topics: arrest and arbitrary detention of Mian Abdul Qayoom

Terms: arbitrary arrest, arbitrary detention, Public Safety Act (PSA), violations of International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, violations of UN Basic Principles on the Role of Lawyers, violations of UN Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners, violations of international human rights law

This is a communication of the UN Working Group on Enforced Disappearances and eight UN Special Rapporteurs (on extrajudicial executions, freedom of opinion and expression, freedom of peaceful assembly and of association, human rights defenders, minority issues, terrorism, torture, truth, justice, reparation and guarantees of non-recurrence) to the Government of India expressing grave concern for concerning the sudden closure of the Jammu and Kashmir State Human Rights Commission (SHRC) in October 2019.

Topics: disappearances, unmarked mass graves, extrajudicial execution, freedom of opinion, human rights defenders, minority rights, terrorism, torture, sexual violence, denial of justice, denial of due process, denial of access to reparations and redress, mass violations of human rights, targeting Muslims and minorities, misidentification of bodies, Indian Government failure to reply, impunity

Terms: abrogation of Article 370, State Human Rights Commission (SHRC), unmarked graves in north Kashmir, unindentified bodies, unmarked graves with two bodies, unmarked mass graves, unmarked graves in Baramulla, unmarked graves in Bandipora, unmarked graves in Kupwara, enforced disappearances in Banihal Tehsil

This report summarizes documented human rights violations in Indian-Administered Jammu and Kashmir during the first six months of 2020.

Topics: human rights violations statistics, killings, cordon and search operations, destruction of property, arbitrary and administrative detention, communication blockade, attacks on religious places, use of excessive force, introduction of new laws, policy changes, COVID-19 lockdown, human rights-related official statements 2020

Terms: Public Safety Act (PSA), Mian Abdul Qayoom, Bilal Sultan, National Investigation Agency, Unlawful Activities Prevention Act (UAPA), Masrat Zahra, Gowhar Geelani, Naseema Bano, Yasin Malik, Waseem Bashir Dar, white listed sites, 2G, social media ban, VPNs, Riyaz Naikoo, Re-Organisation Act, disempowerment, domicile law, demographic change, Education Investment Policy, Media Policy, Real Estate Policy, forces buying land, economic losses, Section 144 of Criminal Procedure code, surveillance, UAVs, drones, harassment of healthcare workers, Kashmiris targeted In India

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