Third-party content reporting violations of international law in Indian-Administered Jammu and Kashmir.

The Siege and the Massacre

Compiled report of the events related to the continuing atrocities being committed by Indian forces in respect of September 1993 (including 40 custodial killings, 273 overall killings, 799 overall arrests, 165 injuries, and crackdowns), and October 1993 (14 custodial killings, 330 injuries, 301 overall killings, and 473 arrests).

Topics: Critical summary and daily events for September 1993 and October 1993 (including daily siege and search operations, selective raids, custodial killings, gang-rapes, disappearances after arrest, indiscriminate firing, dangerous beatings of men and women, random arrests and subsequent tortures, torching of private property, and looting).

Institute of Kashmir Studies

Posted to KLJP

November 23, 2023

Historical Reports

Originally published

July 1994

The Siege and the Massacre

Compiled report of the events related to the continuing atrocities being committed by Indian forces in respect of September 1993 (including 40 custodial killings, 273 overall killings, 799 overall arrests, 165 injuries, and crackdowns), and October 1993 (14 custodial killings, 330 injuries, 301 overall killings, and 473 arrests).

Topics: Critical summary and daily events for September 1993 and October 1993 (including daily siege and search operations, selective raids, custodial killings, gang-rapes, disappearances after arrest, indiscriminate firing, dangerous beatings of men and women, random arrests and subsequent tortures, torching of private property, and looting).

Institute of Kashmir Studies

Posted to KLJP

July 27, 2026

Historical Reports

Originally published

July 1994

Report of the UN special rapporteur on religious discrimination January 1994

Article Summary: This is a report by the UN special rapporteur on religious discrimination (Abdelfattah Amor) that was submitted to the UN Commission on Human Rights. Disclaimer: This report (by a UN rapporteur) repeats and amplifies certaoin Indian state propaganda on Kashmir.  It uses terminology and analysis deployed by Indian disinformation efforts which are inconsistent with factual reality and, among other things, serve to obscure actual violations and promote impunity for those violations.

Topics: persecution of Hindus, Muslim extremism, Indian state propaganda, disinformation, organized lying

Terms: 1993 Hazratbal siege

UN special rapporteur on religious discrimination

Posted to KLJP

November 23, 2023

Historical Reports

Originally published

January 1994

Report of the UN special rapporteur on religious discrimination January 1994

Article Summary: This is a report by the UN special rapporteur on religious discrimination (Abdelfattah Amor) that was submitted to the UN Commission on Human Rights. Disclaimer: This report (by a UN rapporteur) repeats and amplifies certaoin Indian state propaganda on Kashmir.  It uses terminology and analysis deployed by Indian disinformation efforts which are inconsistent with factual reality and, among other things, serve to obscure actual violations and promote impunity for those violations.

Topics: persecution of Hindus, Muslim extremism, Indian state propaganda, disinformation, organized lying

Terms: 1993 Hazratbal siege

UN special rapporteur on religious discrimination

Posted to KLJP

November 23, 2023

Historical Reports

Originally published

January 1994

Report of UN special rapporteur on torture January 1994

This is a report by the UN special rapporteur on torture (Nigel S. Rodley) that was submitted to the UN Commission on Human Rights.

Topics: torture by Indian forces, impunity, violation of habeus corpus, excessive use of force

Terms: rape as torture, torture by Border Security Force (BSF), torture by Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF), denial of justice, rape in Chak Saidapora, rape in Haran, rape in Gurihakhar, October 1991 custodial torture and killing of Muzaffar Ahmed Mirza, January 1993 custodial torture of Manzoor Ahmed Ganai, 1993 rape of Nazeera Jan, April 1993 custodial torture of Masroof Sultan

UN special rapporteur on torture

Posted to KLJP

November 23, 2023

Historical Reports

Originally published

January 1994

Report of UN special rapporteur on torture January 1994

This is a report by the UN special rapporteur on torture (Nigel S. Rodley) that was submitted to the UN Commission on Human Rights.

Topics: torture by Indian forces, impunity, violation of habeus corpus, excessive use of force

Terms: rape as torture, torture by Border Security Force (BSF), torture by Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF), denial of justice, rape in Chak Saidapora, rape in Haran, rape in Gurihakhar, October 1991 custodial torture and killing of Muzaffar Ahmed Mirza, January 1993 custodial torture of Manzoor Ahmed Ganai, 1993 rape of Nazeera Jan, April 1993 custodial torture of Masroof Sultan

UN special rapporteur on torture

Posted to KLJP

November 23, 2023

Historical Reports

Originally published

January 1994

Siege of Hazratbal Shrine in Kashmir

Reports of human rights violations in Kashmir by Indian occupying forces in October 1993 were published in the international press (including The Times London, Emirates News, Khaleej Times, Gulf News, International Herald Tribune, The Guardian, and The Independent London).

Topics: Indian troops firing on protesters, the siege of Hazratbal, Indo-Pak discussions, curfews, funerals, mass killings, massacres.

Kashmir Institute of International Relations

Posted to KLJP

November 23, 2023

Historical Reports

Originally published

December 1993

Siege of Hazratbal Shrine in Kashmir

Reports of human rights violations in Kashmir by Indian occupying forces in October 1993 were published in the international press (including The Times London, Emirates News, Khaleej Times, Gulf News, International Herald Tribune, The Guardian, and The Independent London).

Topics: Indian troops firing on protesters, the siege of Hazratbal, Indo-Pak discussions, curfews, funerals, mass killings, massacres.

Kashmir Institute of International Relations

Posted to KLJP

July 27, 2026

Historical Reports

Originally published

December 1993

Comments on the Indian Government's response to the allegations of rape in Shopian, Jammu and Kashmir

In December 1992, Amnesty International reported the alleged rape of nine women in Shopian, Jammu and Kashmir, on the night of 10/11 October 1992. It urged that an independent and impartial inquiry be carried out into the allegations. The Indian authorities responded by saying that the result of two investigations into these allegations, one of them carried out by the army, the other by a Senior Superintendent of Police, was that "these allegations were trumped up at the instance of the militant outfit to malign the reputation of the security forces". Amnesty International notes that there is strong prima facie evidence of rape and torture and no independent investigation into the allegations.

Topics: sexual violence, state failure to bring rape victims to justice

Terms: 1992 allegations of rape in Shopian, custodial rape, rape by armed forces, gender-based violence, sexual violence, right to impartial and independent inquiry, failure to investigate, failure of accountability, state disinformation

Amnesty International

Posted to KLJP

November 23, 2023

Historical Reports

Originally published

December 1993

Comments on the Indian Government's response to the allegations of rape in Shopian, Jammu and Kashmir

In December 1992, Amnesty International reported the alleged rape of nine women in Shopian, Jammu and Kashmir, on the night of 10/11 October 1992. It urged that an independent and impartial inquiry be carried out into the allegations. The Indian authorities responded by saying that the result of two investigations into these allegations, one of them carried out by the army, the other by a Senior Superintendent of Police, was that "these allegations were trumped up at the instance of the militant outfit to malign the reputation of the security forces". Amnesty International notes that there is strong prima facie evidence of rape and torture and no independent investigation into the allegations.

Topics: sexual violence, state failure to bring rape victims to justice

Terms: 1992 allegations of rape in Shopian, custodial rape, rape by armed forces, gender-based violence, sexual violence, right to impartial and independent inquiry, failure to investigate, failure of accountability, state disinformation

Amnesty International

Posted to KLJP

November 23, 2023

Historical Reports

Originally published

December 1993