This is a report of the UN working group on enforced or involuntary disappearances submitted to the UN Commission on Human Rights.

Topics: enforced disappearances, violation of habeas corpus, impunity

‍Terms: arbitrary detention, disappearances by army, paramilitary groups and police, fake encounters, preventive detention, prolonged detention, Terrorist and Disruptive Activities Act (TADA), Public Safety Act (PSA), denial of responsibility, disinformation

Article Summary: This is a report by the UN special rapporteur (Abdelfattah Amor) on religious discrimination that was submitted to the UN Commission on Human Rights. Disclaimer: This report (by a UN rapporteur) repeats and amplifies Indian state propaganda on Kashmir.  It uses terminology and analysis deployed by Indian disinformation efforts which are inconsistent with factual reality and, among other things, serve to obscure actual violations and promote impunity for those violations.

Topics: persecution of Hindus, Muslim extemism, terrorism, separatism, Indian state propaganda, disinformation, organized lying

Article Summary: This is a report of the UN special rapporteur on extrajudicial executions (Bacre Waly Ndiaye) submitted to the UN Commission on Human Rights

Topics: extrajudicial killings, torture, custodial killings, killing of minors, arbitrary killings, impunity, failure of international accountability

Terms: extrajudicial killing of minor Bilal Ahmed and parents, extrajudicial killings of Hamida Mattoo, H.N. Wanchoo, Abdul Ahad Magrey, Imtiaz Ahmed, Farooq Ahmed Ashai, Hussain Ashiq, Mohammed Shadi, Aijaz Ahmed Khan and Noor Mohammed Sofi, Indian denial of entry by UN rapporteur

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In this report, the Human Rights Watch Arms Project focuses on the human rights impact of the diffusion of sophisticated light weapons and small arms to Sikh and Kashmiri insurgents, commonly referred to as militants. It details violations of the laws of war committed by militants, and traces the sources of the weapons used by the militants in those abuses. The report also discusses abuses by Indian forces and weapons supplies to the Indian government. It concludes with a series of recommendations to the Sikh and Kashmiri militants, the Indian government, and the countries that directly or indirectly have supplied them with weapons, particularly Pakistan and the United States.

Topics: sources of weapons for militants in Punjab and Kashmir, arms and abuses in Punjab, arms and abuses in Kashmir, arming the Indian government, conclusions and recommendations

Terms: violation of international human rights law, violation of international humanitarian law, arms pipeline, abuse of arms, abuse of arms by militants, abuse of arms by Indian army

This is a report by Human Rights Watch which reports that India’s abuses in Kashmir rose even though international pressure from trade and security partners on India eased. It  documents dozens of cases of extrajudicial executions committed by Indian paramilitary and military forces between December 1993 and June 1994. It found that Indian troops continue to summarily execute detainees, kill civilians in reprisal attacks and burn down neighborhoods and villages as collective punishment for those suspected of supporting the militants.Torture also continues to be routine. Human rights groups have compiled a list of over fifty interrogation centers where detainees are kept in unacknowledged detention and tortured. The security forces routinely defy court orders to produce the detainees, and several thousand habeas corpus petitions filed in these cases remain pending without result, according to the Jammu and Kashmir Bar Association. All of these actions are in clear violation of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, to which India is a party. Although the government claims to have punished security personnel for abuses, to Human Rights Watch/Asia’s knowledge not a single soldier has been prosecuted for the murder or torture of a detainee.

Topics: disappearances, extrajudicial executions in Bandipora and Mawar, arson in Mawar, torture, failure to prosecute, U.S. policy, conclusions and recommendations

Terms: extrajudicial killings in Bandipora, extrajudicial killings in Mawar, arson in Mawar, custodial killings, reprisal killings, custodial torture, excessive use of force, state impunity, violation of habeas corpus